Jacqueline K. BartonJacqueline K. Barton
Jacqueline Barton is professor of chemistry at the California Institute of Technology. She was born in New York City and was educated there, receiving her undergraduate degree from Barnard College in 1974 and a Ph.D. in inorganic chemistry from Columbia University in 1979. After a postdoctoral fellowship at Bell Laboratories and Yale University, she joined the faculty of Hunter College in 1980, then returned to Columbia University in 1983. She assumed her present position at Caltech in 1989. Her research has focused on designing transition-metal complexes that target and probe specific sites along DNA and RNA.
Thomas R. CechThomas Cech, Distinguished Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry and of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology at the University of Colorado, Boulder, is also an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He obtained a B.A. in chemistry from Grinnell College in 1970 and a Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1975. He then engaged in postdoctoral research in the Department of Biology at MIT before joining the faculty of the University of Colorado in 1978. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. In 1982 his research group announced the discovery of self-splicing RNA. The recipient of the 1989 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his work on ribozymes, he continues to study their structure and function today.
Jean-Pierre ChangeuxJean-Pierre Changeux is professor at the Collège de France and professor at the Institut Pasteur, where he is also director of the Unit of Molecular Neurobiology. He was educated at the Ecole Normale Supérieure and received his Doctorat d'Etat de Sciences Naturelles in Paris in 1964. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Since his earliest days as a graduate student at the Institut Pasteur in the laboratory of Jacques Monod, his work has focused on enzymes; with Monod and Wyman he played a critical role in developing the concept of allosteric transitions.
Albert EschenmoserAlbert Eschenmoser is professor emeritus of organic chemistry at the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) in Zürich, from which he received his doctorate in organic chemistry in 1951, and with which he has been affiliated as a faculty member ever since. He has held numerous visiting professorships, including those at the University of Chicago, Cambridge University, and Harvard University. Eschenmoser is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. His research in recent years has centered on the chemical evolution of nucleic acids and on the physical and chemical properties of synthetic nucleic acids.
Stephen C. HarrisonStephen Harrison is a professor of biochemistry and molecular biology at Harvard University, a research associate in medicine at the Children's Hospital in Boston, and an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He received his B.A. in chemistry and physics from Harvard in 1963, and was then a Henry fellow at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology at Cambridge. In 1967, he received his Ph.D. in biophysics from Harvard, was a research fellow there as well as a junior fellow in the Society of Fellows, and joined the Harvard faculty in 1971. Harrison is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. His wide-ranging studies of protein structure have contributed insights to viral architecture, DNA-protein recognition and cellular signaling.
Richard Henderson
Louise N. Johnson
Gerald F. JoyceGerald Joyce is an associate professor in the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology at the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California. After receiving his B.A. from the University of Chicago in 1978, he entered the M.D./Ph.D. program at the University of California, San Diego. After obtaining both degrees in 1984, he undertook a medical internship at Mercy Hospital, then returned to the laboratory to pursue postdoctoral research at the Salk Institute. He joined the Scripps faculty in 1989. His current research involves the development of directed molecular evolution techniques and their application to the analysis and design of RNA enzymes.
Peter S. KimPeter Kim is a member of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, professor of biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and an associate investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He received his B.A. in chemistry from Cornell University in 1979 and his Ph.D. in biochemistry from Stanford University in 1985. That year, he was named a Whitehead fellow at the Whitehead Institute, becoming an associate member in 1988 and a member in 1992. He joined the MIT faculty in 1988. His research group showed that the leucine zipper corresponds to a short coiled coil, and proposed a model, later confirmed, for a molecular switch in the membrane-fusion protein of influenza virus that allows it to become fusion active at low pH. Kim's interests also include the analysis of the fundamental mechanisms of protein folding.
Arthur KornbergArthur Kornberg is professor emeritus in the Department of Biochemistry at the Stanford University School of Medicine. He received a B.S. from the City College of New York in 1937 and an M.D. from the University of Rochester in 1941. After a year's internship in internal medicine, he was a research scientist at the National Institutes of Health from 1942 to 1953, where he organized and directed the Enzyme Section. In 1953, he assumed the chairmanship of the Department of Microbiology of Washington University School of Medicine and, in 1959, organized the Department of Biochemistry of the Stanford University School of Medicine, serving as its chairman until 1969 and thereafter as professor. A member of the National Academy of Sciences, Kornberg won the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine in 1959 for his discovery and purification of the enzymes essential for DNA synthesis.
Jean-Marie Pierre LehnJean-Marie Pierre Lehn is professor of chemistry at the Louis Pasteur University in Strasbourg, where he is director of the Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, and professor at the Collège de France in Paris, where he is director of the Laboratory of the Chemistry of Molecular Interactions. His undergraduate studies were conducted at the University of Strasbourg and he received his doctorate there in 1963. After a year of postdoctoral research at Harvard, he returned to the University of Strasbourg, becoming professor of chemistry at the Louis Pasteur University in 1970. In 1979, he also became a faculty member at the Collège de France. His work, for which he received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1987, has defined the field of supramolecular chemistry.
Gregory A. PetskoGregory Petsko is the Lucille P. Markey Professor of Biochemistry and Chemistry at Brandeis University, where he also directs the Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center. A Rhodes Scholar, Petsko was educated at Princeton, where he received his B.A. in chemistry in 1970, and at Oxford, where he received his D.Phil. in molecular biophysics in 1973. After a brief sojourn at the Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique in Paris, he joined the faculty of Wayne State University, moving to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1979. In 1990 he joined the Brandeis faculty. Petsko is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. He is working on time-resolved X-ray crystallography and related problems, with a particular emphasis on enzymology.
Julius Rebek, Jr.Julius Rebek is the Camille Dreyfus Professor of Chemistry at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology (MIT). He received his B.A. from the University of
Kansas in 1966, and obtained
his Ph.D. from MIT in 1970 for studies in
peptide chemistry. He was on the faculty of the University of California at Los
Angeles from 1970 to 1976, after which he moved to the University of
Pittsburgh. In 1989 he returned to MIT as a faculty member. Rebek is a member
of the National Academy of Sciences. His research interests are in mechanistic
organic chemistry, molecular recognition, and self-replicating and
self-assembling systems.
Michael G. Rossmann
Peter G. SchultzPeter Schultz is professor of chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, where he is a principal investigator at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He did both his undergraduate and graduate work at the California Institute of Technology, receiving a B.S. in chemistry in 1979 and a Ph.D. in organic chemistry in 1984. After postdoctoral studies at MIT, Schultz joined the Berkeley faculty in 1985. Schultz is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. His research focuses on the study of the mechanisms of molecular recognition and catalysis in biological systems and applications of these studies to the design of molecules with novel biological function.
Stuart L. SchreiberStuart Schreiber is professor and member of the Department of Chemistry and associate member of the Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology at Harvard. He is also an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He received his B.A. in chemistry from the University of Virginia in 1977, and his Ph.D. in organic chemistry from Harvard in 1981. Following completion of the doctorate, he joined the faculty of Yale University, returning to Harvard in 1988. Schreiber is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. In his studies, cell-permeable molecules have been synthesized and used not only to understand signal transduction pathways but to gain control over them as well.
Joan SteitzJoan Steitz is the Henry Ford II Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry at Yale and an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. She earned her B.S. in chemistry from Antioch College in 1963, and her Ph.D. in biochemistry and molecular biology from Harvard University in 1967. She spent the next three years in postdoctoral studies at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, and joined the Yale faculty in 1970. Steitz is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Her studies have defined the roles of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles in RNA processing in mammals.
Don C. WileyDon C. Wiley is chairman of the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology at Harvard University, a research associate in the Department of Medicine at the Children's Hospital in Boston, and an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He received his B.S. in physics and chemistry from Tufts University in 1966 and his Ph.D. in biophysics from Harvard University in 1971. He has been at Harvard ever since, apart from a sabbatical leave spent in England in 1976 and four years from 1981 to 1985 at the National Institutes of Health. Wiley is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. His most recent work has been on the structure and function of human histocompatability antigens and on the mechanism of viral fusion to cell membranes.
Kurt WüthrichKurt Wüthrich is professor of biophysics at the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) in Zürich. He studied chemistry and physics at the University of Bern and earned a Ph.D. in inorganic chemistry from the University of Basel in 1964. After a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of California in Berkeley, he became a member of the staff at Bell Laboratories. He joined the ETH in 1969. Wüthrich is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. His research group played a key role in developing the now widely used NMR method for determination of the three-dimensional structure of proteins in solution, from which numerous NMR-technical advances resulted over the years.
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