Nobel Laureates Affiliated with The Rockefeller University

Alexis Carrel (1912), Physiology or Medicine

For his work in suturing blood vessels and in the transplantation of organs.

Karl Landsteiner (1930), Physiology or Medicine

For classification of blood groups.

Herbert S. Gasser (1944), Physiology or Medicine

For his studies with Joseph Erlanger on the electrophysiology of nerves.

John H. Northrop and Wendell M. Stanley (1946), Chemistry

For their work with James B. Sumner on the purification and crystallization of enzymes.

Fritz Lipmann (1953), Physiology or Medicine

For his discovery of coenzyme A and his studies of intermediary metabolism, with Hans Krebs.

Edward L. Tatum (1958), Physiology or Medicine

For discovery that genes act by regulating specific chemical processes, with George Beadle.

Joshua Lederberg (1958), Physiology or Medicine

For his work on the organization of genetic material in bacteria.

Peyton Rous (1966), Physiology or Medicine

For establishing a virus as the cause of chicken sarcoma, with Charles B. Huggins.

H. Keffer Hartline (1967), Physiology or Medicine

For work on the physiology and chemistry of vision, with Ragnar Granit and George Wald.

Gerald M. Edelman (1972), Physiology or Medicine

For determining for the first time the complete chemical structure of immunoglobulins (antibodies), the key molecules of immunity, with Rodney R. Porter.

Stanford Moore and William H. Stein (1972), Chemistry

For their research on enzymes, body proteins central to life; particularly for working out for the first time the chemical structure of pancreatic ribonuclease, an enzyme that breaks down ribonucleic acid (RNA), with Christian B. Anfinsen.

Albert Claude, Christian de Duve, and George E. Palade (1974), Physiology or Medicine

For discoveries concerning the functional organization of the cell that were seminal events in the development of modern cell biology.

David Baltimore (1975), Physiology or Medicine

For discoveries concerning the interaction between tumor viruses and the genetic material of the cell, with Renato Dulbecco and Howard M. Temin.

Torsten Wiesel (1981), Physiology or Medicine

For studies of how visual information is transmitted from the retina to the brain, with David H. Hubel.

R. Bruce Merrifield (1984), Chemistry

For his development of a simple and ingenious method for synthesizing peptides and proteins.

Günter Blobel (1999) , Physiology or Medicine

For discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell.